#include "tool_setup.h" #ifndef HAVE_LIBZ /* * NEVER EVER edit this manually, fix the mkhelp.pl script instead! */ #ifdef USE_MANUAL #include "tool_hugehelp.h" void hugehelp(void) { fputs( " _ _ ____ _\n" " Project ___| | | | _ \\| |\n" " / __| | | | |_) | |\n" " | (__| |_| | _ <| |___\n" " \\___|\\___/|_| \\_\\_____|\n" "\n" "NAME\n" " curl - transfer a URL\n" "\n" "SYNOPSIS\n" " curl [options] [URL...]\n" "\n" "DESCRIPTION\n" " curl is a tool to transfer data from or to a server, using one of the\n" " supported protocols (DICT, FILE, FTP, FTPS, GOPHER, HTTP, HTTPS, IMAP,\n" , stdout); fputs( " IMAPS, LDAP, LDAPS, POP3, POP3S, RTMP, RTSP, SCP, SFTP, SMB, SMBS,\n" " SMTP, SMTPS, TELNET and TFTP). The command is designed to work without\n" " user interaction.\n" "\n" " curl offers a busload of useful tricks like proxy support, user authen-\n" " tication, FTP upload, HTTP post, SSL connections, cookies, file trans-\n" " fer resume, Metalink, and more. As you will see below, the number of\n" " features will make your head spin!\n" "\n" , stdout); fputs( " curl is powered by libcurl for all transfer-related features. See\n" " libcurl(3) for details.\n" "\n" "URL\n" " The URL syntax is protocol-dependent. You'll find a detailed descrip-\n" " tion in RFC 3986.\n" "\n" " You can specify multiple URLs or parts of URLs by writing part sets\n" " within braces as in:\n" "\n" " http://site.{one,two,three}.com\n" "\n" " or you can get sequences of alphanumeric series by using [] as in:\n" "\n" " ftp://ftp.example.com/file[1-100].txt\n" "\n" , stdout); fputs( " ftp://ftp.example.com/file[001-100].txt (with leading zeros)\n" "\n" " ftp://ftp.example.com/file[a-z].txt\n" "\n" " Nested sequences are not supported, but you can use several ones next\n" " to each other:\n" "\n" " http://example.com/archive[1996-1999]/vol[1-4]/part{a,b,c}.html\n" "\n" " You can specify any amount of URLs on the command line. They will be\n" " fetched in a sequential manner in the specified order.\n" "\n" , stdout); fputs( " You can specify a step counter for the ranges to get every Nth number\n" " or letter:\n" "\n" " http://example.com/file[1-100:10].txt\n" "\n" " http://example.com/file[a-z:2].txt\n" "\n" " When using [] or {} sequences when invoked from a command line prompt,\n" " you probably have to put the full URL within double quotes to avoid the\n" " shell from interfering with it. This also goes for other characters\n" " treated special, like for example '&', '?' and '*'.\n" "\n" , stdout); fputs( " Provide the IPv6 zone index in the URL with an escaped percentage sign\n" " and the interface name. Like in\n" "\n" " http://[fe80::3%25eth0]/\n" "\n" " If you specify URL without protocol:// prefix, curl will attempt to\n" " guess what protocol you might want. It will then default to HTTP but\n" " try other protocols based on often-used host name prefixes. For exam-\n" " ple, for host names starting with \"ftp.\" curl will assume you want to\n" " speak FTP.\n" "\n" , stdout); fputs( " curl will do its best to use what you pass to it as a URL. It is not\n" " trying to validate it as a syntactically correct URL by any means but\n" " is instead very liberal with what it accepts.\n" "\n" " curl will attempt to re-use connections for multiple file transfers, so\n" " that getting many files from the same server will not do multiple con-\n" " nects / handshakes. This improves speed. Of course this is only done on\n" , stdout); fputs( " files specified on a single command line and cannot be used between\n" " separate curl invokes.\n" "\n" "PROGRESS METER\n" " curl normally displays a progress meter during operations, indicating\n" " the amount of transferred data, transfer speeds and estimated time\n" " left, etc. The progress meter displays number of bytes and the speeds\n" " are in bytes per second. The suffixes (k, M, G, T, P) are 1024 based.\n" " For example 1k is 1024 bytes. 1M is 1048576 bytes.\n" "\n" , stdout); fputs( " curl displays this data to the terminal by default, so if you invoke\n" " curl to do an operation and it is about to write data to the terminal,\n" " it disables the progress meter as otherwise it would mess up the output\n" " mixing progress meter and response data.\n" "\n" " If you want a progress meter for HTTP POST or PUT requests, you need to\n" " redirect the response output to a file, using shell redirect (>), -o,\n" " --output or similar.\n" "\n" , stdout); fputs( " It is not the same case for FTP upload as that operation does not spit\n" " out any response data to the terminal.\n" "\n" " If you prefer a progress \"bar\" instead of the regular meter, -#,\n" " --progress-bar is your friend. You can also disable the progress meter\n" " completely with the -s, --silent option.\n" "\n" "OPTIONS\n" " Options start with one or two dashes. Many of the options require an\n" " additional value next to them.\n" "\n" , stdout); fputs( " The short \"single-dash\" form of the options, -d for example, may be\n" " used with or without a space between it and its value, although a space\n" " is a recommended separator. The long \"double-dash\" form, -d, --data for\n" " example, requires a space between it and its value.\n" "\n" " Short version options that don't need any additional values can be used\n" " immediately next to each other, like for example you can specify all\n" , stdout); fputs( " the options -O, -L and -v at once as -OLv.\n" "\n" " In general, all boolean options are enabled with --option and yet again\n" " disabled with --no-option. That is, you use the exact same option name\n" " but prefix it with \"no-\". However, in this list we mostly only list and\n" " show the --option version of them. (This concept with --no options was\n" " added in 7.19.0. Previously most options were toggled on/off on\n" " repeated use of the same command line option.)\n" , stdout); fputs( "\n" " --abstract-unix-socket \n" " (HTTP) Connect through an abstract Unix domain socket, instead\n" " of using the network. Note: netstat shows the path of an\n" " abstract socket prefixed with '@', however the argument\n" " should not have this leading character.\n" "\n" " Added in 7.53.0.\n" "\n" " --anyauth\n" " (HTTP) Tells curl to figure out authentication method by itself,\n" , stdout); fputs( " and use the most secure one the remote site claims to support.\n" " This is done by first doing a request and checking the response-\n" " headers, thus possibly inducing an extra network round-trip.\n" " This is used instead of setting a specific authentication\n" " method, which you can do with --basic, --digest, --ntlm, and\n" " --negotiate.\n" "\n" , stdout); fputs( " Using --anyauth is not recommended if you do uploads from stdin,\n" " since it may require data to be sent twice and then the client\n" " must be able to rewind. If the need should arise when uploading\n" " from stdin, the upload operation will fail.\n" "\n" " Used together with -u, --user.\n" "\n" " See also --proxy-anyauth and --basic and --digest.\n" "\n" " -a, --append\n" , stdout); fputs( " (FTP SFTP) When used in an upload, this makes curl append to the\n" " target file instead of overwriting it. If the remote file\n" " doesn't exist, it will be created. Note that this flag is\n" " ignored by some SFTP servers (including OpenSSH).\n" "\n" " --basic\n" " (HTTP) Tells curl to use HTTP Basic authentication with the\n" " remote host. This is the default and this option is usually\n" , stdout); fputs( " pointless, unless you use it to override a previously set option\n" " that sets a different authentication method (such as --ntlm,\n" " --digest, or --negotiate).\n" "\n" " Used together with -u, --user.\n" "\n" " See also --proxy-basic.\n" "\n" " --cacert \n" " (TLS) Tells curl to use the specified certificate file to verify\n" " the peer. The file may contain multiple CA certificates. The\n" , stdout); fputs( " certificate(s) must be in PEM format. Normally curl is built to\n" " use a default file for this, so this option is typically used to\n" " alter that default file.\n" "\n" " curl recognizes the environment variable named 'CURL_CA_BUNDLE'\n" " if it is set, and uses the given path as a path to a CA cert\n" " bundle. This option overrides that variable.\n" "\n" " The windows version of curl will automatically look for a CA\n" , stdout); fputs( " certs file named 'curl-ca-bundle.crt', either in the same direc-\n" " tory as curl.exe, or in the Current Working Directory, or in any\n" " folder along your PATH.\n" "\n" " If curl is built against the NSS SSL library, the NSS PEM\n" " PKCS#11 module (libnsspem.so) needs to be available for this\n" " option to work properly.\n" "\n" " (iOS and macOS only) If curl is built against Secure Transport,\n" , stdout); fputs( " then this option is supported for backward compatibility with\n" " other SSL engines, but it should not be set. If the option is\n" " not set, then curl will use the certificates in the system and\n" " user Keychain to verify the peer, which is the preferred method\n" " of verifying the peer's certificate chain.\n" "\n" " If this option is used several times, the last one will be used.\n" "\n" " --capath \n" , stdout); fputs( " (TLS) Tells curl to use the specified certificate directory to\n" " verify the peer. Multiple paths can be provided by separating\n" " them with \":\" (e.g. \"path1:path2:path3\"). The certificates must\n" " be in PEM format, and if curl is built against OpenSSL, the\n" " directory must have been processed using the c_rehash utility\n" " supplied with OpenSSL. Using --capath can allow OpenSSL-powered\n" , stdout); fputs( " curl to make SSL-connections much more efficiently than using\n" " --cacert if the --cacert file contains many CA certificates.\n" "\n" " If this option is set, the default capath value will be ignored,\n" " and if it is used several times, the last one will be used.\n" "\n" " --cert-status\n" " (TLS) Tells curl to verify the status of the server certificate\n" " by using the Certificate Status Request (aka. OCSP stapling) TLS\n" , stdout); fputs( " extension.\n" "\n" " If this option is enabled and the server sends an invalid (e.g.\n" " expired) response, if the response suggests that the server cer-\n" " tificate has been revoked, or no response at all is received,\n" " the verification fails.\n" "\n" " This is currently only implemented in the OpenSSL, GnuTLS and\n" " NSS backends.\n" "\n" " Added in 7.41.0.\n" "\n" " --cert-type \n" , stdout); fputs( " (TLS) Tells curl what certificate type the provided certificate\n" " is in. PEM, DER and ENG are recognized types. If not specified,\n" " PEM is assumed.\n" "\n" " If this option is used several times, the last one will be used.\n" "\n" " See also -E, --cert and --key and --key-type.\n" "\n" " -E, --cert \n" " (TLS) Tells curl to use the specified client certificate file\n" , stdout); fputs( " when getting a file with HTTPS, FTPS or another SSL-based proto-\n" " col. The certificate must be in PKCS#12 format if using Secure\n" " Transport, or PEM format if using any other engine. If the\n" " optional password isn't specified, it will be queried for on the\n" " terminal. Note that this option assumes a \"certificate\" file\n" " that is the private key and the client certificate concatenated!\n" , stdout); fputs( " See -E, --cert and --key to specify them independently.\n" "\n" " If curl is built against the NSS SSL library then this option\n" " can tell curl the nickname of the certificate to use within the\n" " NSS database defined by the environment variable SSL_DIR (or by\n" " default /etc/pki/nssdb). If the NSS PEM PKCS#11 module (lib-\n" " nsspem.so) is available then PEM files may be loaded. If you\n" , stdout); fputs( " want to use a file from the current directory, please precede it\n" " with \"./\" prefix, in order to avoid confusion with a nickname.\n" " If the nickname contains \":\", it needs to be preceded by \"\\\" so\n" " that it is not recognized as password delimiter. If the nick-\n" " name contains \"\\\", it needs to be escaped as \"\\\\\" so that it is\n" " not recognized as an escape character.\n" "\n" , stdout); fputs( " (iOS and macOS only) If curl is built against Secure Transport,\n" " then the certificate string can either be the name of a certifi-\n" " cate/private key in the system or user keychain, or the path to\n" " a PKCS#12-encoded certificate and private key. If you want to\n" " use a file from the current directory, please precede it with\n" " \"./\" prefix, in order to avoid confusion with a nickname.\n" "\n" , stdout); fputs( " If this option is used several times, the last one will be used.\n" "\n" " See also --cert-type and --key and --key-type.\n" "\n" " --ciphers \n" " (TLS) Specifies which ciphers to use in the connection. The list\n" " of ciphers must specify valid ciphers. Read up on SSL cipher\n" " list details on this URL:\n" "\n" " https://curl.haxx.se/docs/ssl-ciphers.html\n" "\n" , stdout); fputs( " If this option is used several times, the last one will be used.\n" "\n" " --compressed-ssh\n" " (SCP SFTP) Enables built-in SSH compression. This is a request,\n" " not an order; the server may or may not do it.\n" "\n" " Added in 7.56.0.\n" "\n" " --compressed\n" " (HTTP) Request a compressed response using one of the algorithms\n" " curl supports, and save the uncompressed document. If this\n" , stdout); fputs( " option is used and the server sends an unsupported encoding,\n" " curl will report an error.\n" "\n" " -K, --config \n" "\n" " Specify a text file to read curl arguments from. The command\n" " line arguments found in the text file will be used as if they\n" " were provided on the command line.\n" "\n" " Options and their parameters must be specified on the same line\n" , stdout); fputs( " in the file, separated by whitespace, colon, or the equals sign.\n" " Long option names can optionally be given in the config file\n" " without the initial double dashes and if so, the colon or equals\n" " characters can be used as separators. If the option is specified\n" " with one or two dashes, there can be no colon or equals charac-\n" " ter between the option and its parameter.\n" "\n" , stdout); fputs( " If the parameter is to contain whitespace, the parameter must be\n" " enclosed within quotes. Within double quotes, the following\n" " escape sequences are available: \\\\, \\\", \\t, \\n, \\r and \\v. A\n" " backslash preceding any other letter is ignored. If the first\n" " column of a config line is a '#' character, the rest of the line\n" " will be treated as a comment. Only write one option per physical\n" , stdout); fputs( " line in the config file.\n" "\n" " Specify the filename to -K, --config as '-' to make curl read\n" " the file from stdin.\n" "\n" " Note that to be able to specify a URL in the config file, you\n" " need to specify it using the --url option, and not by simply\n" " writing the URL on its own line. So, it could look similar to\n" " this:\n" "\n" " url = \"https://curl.haxx.se/docs/\"\n" "\n" , stdout); fputs( " When curl is invoked, it (unless -q, --disable is used) checks\n" " for a default config file and uses it if found. The default con-\n" " fig file is checked for in the following places in this order:\n" "\n" " 1) curl tries to find the \"home dir\": It first checks for the\n" " CURL_HOME and then the HOME environment variables. Failing that,\n" " it uses getpwuid() on Unix-like systems (which returns the home\n" , stdout); fputs( " dir given the current user in your system). On Windows, it then\n" " checks for the APPDATA variable, or as a last resort the '%USER-\n" " PROFILE%\\Application Data'.\n" "\n" " 2) On windows, if there is no _curlrc file in the home dir, it\n" " checks for one in the same dir the curl executable is placed. On\n" " Unix-like systems, it will simply try to load .curlrc from the\n" " determined home dir.\n" "\n" , stdout); fputs( " # --- Example file ---\n" " # this is a comment\n" " url = \"example.com\"\n" " output = \"curlhere.html\"\n" " user-agent = \"superagent/1.0\"\n" "\n" " # and fetch another URL too\n" " url = \"example.com/docs/manpage.html\"\n" " -O\n" " referer = \"http://nowhereatall.example.com/\"\n" " # --- End of example file ---\n" "\n" " This option can be used multiple times to load multiple config\n" , stdout); fputs( " files.\n" "\n" " --connect-timeout \n" " Maximum time in seconds that you allow curl's connection to\n" " take. This only limits the connection phase, so if curl con-\n" " nects within the given period it will continue - if not it will\n" " exit. Since version 7.32.0, this option accepts decimal values.\n" " If this option is used several times, the last one will be used.\n" "\n" " See also -m, --max-time.\n" "\n" , stdout); fputs( " --connect-to \n" "\n" " For a request to the given HOST1:PORT1 pair, connect to\n" " HOST2:PORT2 instead. This option is suitable to direct requests\n" " at a specific server, e.g. at a specific cluster node in a clus-\n" " ter of servers. This option is only used to establish the net-\n" " work connection. It does NOT affect the hostname/port that is\n" , stdout); fputs( " used for TLS/SSL (e.g. SNI, certificate verification) or for the\n" " application protocols. \"HOST1\" and \"PORT1\" may be the empty\n" " string, meaning \"any host/port\". \"HOST2\" and \"PORT2\" may also be\n" " the empty string, meaning \"use the request's original\n" " host/port\".\n" "\n" " A \"host\" specified to this option is compared as a string, so it\n" , stdout); fputs( " needs to match the name used in request URL. It can be either\n" " numerical such as \"127.0.0.1\" or the full host name such as\n" " \"example.org\".\n" "\n" " This option can be used many times to add many connect rules.\n" "\n" " See also --resolve and -H, --header. Added in 7.49.0.\n" "\n" " -C, --continue-at \n" " Continue/Resume a previous file transfer at the given offset.\n" , stdout); fputs( " The given offset is the exact number of bytes that will be\n" " skipped, counting from the beginning of the source file before\n" " it is transferred to the destination. If used with uploads, the\n" " FTP server command SIZE will not be used by curl.\n" "\n" " Use \"-C -\" to tell curl to automatically find out where/how to\n" " resume the transfer. It then uses the given output/input files\n" " to figure that out.\n" "\n" , stdout); fputs( " If this option is used several times, the last one will be used.\n" "\n" " See also -r, --range.\n" "\n" " -c, --cookie-jar \n" " (HTTP) Specify to which file you want curl to write all cookies\n" " after a completed operation. Curl writes all cookies from its\n" " in-memory cookie storage to the given file at the end of opera-\n" " tions. If no cookies are known, no data will be written. The\n" , stdout); fputs( " file will be written using the Netscape cookie file format. If\n" " you set the file name to a single dash, \"-\", the cookies will be\n" " written to stdout.\n" "\n" " This command line option will activate the cookie engine that\n" " makes curl record and use cookies. Another way to activate it is\n" " to use the -b, --cookie option.\n" "\n" " If the cookie jar can't be created or written to, the whole curl\n" , stdout); fputs( " operation won't fail or even report an error clearly. Using -v,\n" " --verbose will get a warning displayed, but that is the only\n" " visible feedback you get about this possibly lethal situation.\n" "\n" " If this option is used several times, the last specified file\n" " name will be used.\n" "\n" " -b, --cookie \n" " (HTTP) Pass the data to the HTTP server in the Cookie header. It\n" , stdout); fputs( " is supposedly the data previously received from the server in a\n" " \"Set-Cookie:\" line. The data should be in the format\n" " \"NAME1=VALUE1; NAME2=VALUE2\".\n" "\n" " If no '=' symbol is used in the argument, it is instead treated\n" " as a filename to read previously stored cookie from. This option\n" " also activates the cookie engine which will make curl record\n" , stdout); fputs( " incoming cookies, which may be handy if you're using this in\n" " combination with the -L, --location option or do multiple URL\n" " transfers on the same invoke.\n" "\n" " The file format of the file to read cookies from should be plain\n" " HTTP headers (Set-Cookie style) or the Netscape/Mozilla cookie\n" " file format.\n" "\n" " The file specified with -b, --cookie is only used as input. No\n" , stdout); fputs( " cookies will be written to the file. To store cookies, use the\n" " -c, --cookie-jar option.\n" "\n" " Exercise caution if you are using this option and multiple\n" " transfers may occur. If you use the NAME1=VALUE1; format, or in\n" " a file use the Set-Cookie format and don't specify a domain,\n" " then the cookie is sent for any domain (even after redirects are\n" , stdout); fputs( " followed) and cannot be modified by a server-set cookie. If the\n" " cookie engine is enabled and a server sets a cookie of the same\n" " name then both will be sent on a future transfer to that server,\n" " likely not what you intended. To address these issues set a\n" " domain in Set-Cookie (doing that will include sub domains) or\n" " use the Netscape format.\n" "\n" , stdout); fputs( " If this option is used several times, the last one will be used.\n" " Users very often want to both read cookies from a file and write\n" " updated cookies back to a file, so using both -b, --cookie and\n" " -c, --cookie-jar in the same command line is common.\n" "\n" " --create-dirs\n" " When used in conjunction with the -o, --output option, curl will\n" " create the necessary local directory hierarchy as needed. This\n" , stdout); fputs( " option creates the dirs mentioned with the -o, --output option,\n" " nothing else. If the --output file name uses no dir or if the\n" " dirs it mentions already exist, no dir will be created.\n" "\n" " To create remote directories when using FTP or SFTP, try --ftp-\n" " create-dirs.\n" "\n" " --crlf (FTP SMTP) Convert LF to CRLF in upload. Useful for MVS\n" " (OS/390).\n" "\n" " (SMTP added in 7.40.0)\n" "\n" , stdout); fputs( " --crlfile \n" " (TLS) Provide a file using PEM format with a Certificate Revoca-\n" " tion List that may specify peer certificates that are to be con-\n" " sidered revoked.\n" "\n" " If this option is used several times, the last one will be used.\n" "\n" " Added in 7.19.7.\n" "\n" " --data-ascii \n" " (HTTP) This is just an alias for -d, --data.\n" "\n" " --data-binary \n" , stdout); fputs( " (HTTP) This posts data exactly as specified with no extra pro-\n" " cessing whatsoever.\n" "\n" " If you start the data with the letter @, the rest should be a\n" " filename. Data is posted in a similar manner as -d, --data\n" " does, except that newlines and carriage returns are preserved\n" " and conversions are never done.\n" "\n" " If this option is used several times, the ones following the\n" , stdout); fputs( " first will append data as described in -d, --data.\n" "\n" " --data-raw \n" " (HTTP) This posts data similarly to -d, --data but without the\n" " special interpretation of the @ character.\n" "\n" " See also -d, --data. Added in 7.43.0.\n" "\n" " --data-urlencode \n" " (HTTP) This posts data, similar to the other -d, --data options\n" " with the exception that this performs URL-encoding.\n" "\n" , stdout); fputs( " To be CGI-compliant, the part should begin with a name\n" " followed by a separator and a content specification. The \n" " part can be passed to curl using one of the following syntaxes:\n" "\n" " content\n" " This will make curl URL-encode the content and pass that\n" " on. Just be careful so that the content doesn't contain\n" " any = or @ symbols, as that will then make the syntax\n" , stdout); fputs( " match one of the other cases below!\n" "\n" " =content\n" " This will make curl URL-encode the content and pass that\n" " on. The preceding = symbol is not included in the data.\n" "\n" " name=content\n" " This will make curl URL-encode the content part and pass\n" " that on. Note that the name part is expected to be URL-\n" " encoded already.\n" "\n" " @filename\n" , stdout); fputs( " This will make curl load data from the given file\n" " (including any newlines), URL-encode that data and pass\n" " it on in the POST.\n" "\n" " name@filename\n" " This will make curl load data from the given file\n" " (including any newlines), URL-encode that data and pass\n" " it on in the POST. The name part gets an equal sign\n" , stdout); fputs( " appended, resulting in name=urlencoded-file-content. Note\n" " that the name is expected to be URL-encoded already.\n" " See also -d, --data and --data-raw. Added in 7.18.0.\n" "\n" " -d, --data \n" " (HTTP) Sends the specified data in a POST request to the HTTP\n" " server, in the same way that a browser does when a user has\n" " filled in an HTML form and presses the submit button. This will\n" , stdout); fputs( " cause curl to pass the data to the server using the content-type\n" " application/x-www-form-urlencoded. Compare to -F, --form.\n" "\n" " --data-raw is almost the same but does not have a special inter-\n" " pretation of the @ character. To post data purely binary, you\n" " should instead use the --data-binary option. To URL-encode the\n" " value of a form field you may use --data-urlencode.\n" "\n" , stdout); fputs( " If any of these options is used more than once on the same com-\n" " mand line, the data pieces specified will be merged together\n" " with a separating &-symbol. Thus, using '-d name=daniel -d\n" " skill=lousy' would generate a post chunk that looks like\n" " 'name=daniel&skill=lousy'.\n" "\n" " If you start the data with the letter @, the rest should be a\n" , stdout); fputs( " file name to read the data from, or - if you want curl to read\n" " the data from stdin. Multiple files can also be specified. Post-\n" " ing data from a file named from a file like that, carriage\n" " returns and newlines will be stripped out. If you don't want the\n" " @ character to have a special interpretation use --data-raw\n" " instead.\n" "\n" " See also --data-binary and --data-urlencode and --data-raw. This\n" , stdout); fputs( " option overrides -F, --form and -I, --head and --upload.\n" "\n" " --delegation \n" " (GSS/kerberos) Set LEVEL to tell the server what it is allowed\n" " to delegate when it comes to user credentials.\n" "\n" " none Don't allow any delegation.\n" "\n" " policy Delegates if and only if the OK-AS-DELEGATE flag is set\n" " in the Kerberos service ticket, which is a matter of\n" " realm policy.\n" "\n" , stdout); fputs( " always Unconditionally allow the server to delegate.\n" "\n" " --digest\n" " (HTTP) Enables HTTP Digest authentication. This is an authenti-\n" " cation scheme that prevents the password from being sent over\n" " the wire in clear text. Use this in combination with the normal\n" " -u, --user option to set user name and password.\n" "\n" " If this option is used several times, only the first one is\n" " used.\n" "\n" , stdout); fputs( " See also -u, --user and --proxy-digest and --anyauth. This\n" " option overrides --basic and --ntlm and --negotiate.\n" "\n" " --disable-eprt\n" " (FTP) Tell curl to disable the use of the EPRT and LPRT commands\n" " when doing active FTP transfers. Curl will normally always first\n" " attempt to use EPRT, then LPRT before using PORT, but with this\n" " option, it will use PORT right away. EPRT and LPRT are exten-\n" , stdout); fputs( " sions to the original FTP protocol, and may not work on all\n" " servers, but they enable more functionality in a better way than\n" " the traditional PORT command.\n" "\n" " --eprt can be used to explicitly enable EPRT again and --no-eprt\n" " is an alias for --disable-eprt.\n" "\n" " If the server is accessed using IPv6, this option will have no\n" " effect as EPRT is necessary then.\n" "\n" , stdout); fputs( " Disabling EPRT only changes the active behavior. If you want to\n" " switch to passive mode you need to not use -P, --ftp-port or\n" " force it with --ftp-pasv.\n" "\n" " --disable-epsv\n" " (FTP) (FTP) Tell curl to disable the use of the EPSV command\n" " when doing passive FTP transfers. Curl will normally always\n" " first attempt to use EPSV before PASV, but with this option, it\n" " will not try using EPSV.\n" "\n" , stdout); fputs( " --epsv can be used to explicitly enable EPSV again and --no-epsv\n" " is an alias for --disable-epsv.\n" "\n" " If the server is an IPv6 host, this option will have no effect\n" " as EPSV is necessary then.\n" "\n" " Disabling EPSV only changes the passive behavior. If you want to\n" " switch to active mode you need to use -P, --ftp-port.\n" "\n" " -q, --disable\n" " If used as the first parameter on the command line, the curlrc\n" , stdout); fputs( " config file will not be read and used. See the -K, --config for\n" " details on the default config file search path.\n" "\n" " --dns-interface \n" " (DNS) Tell curl to send outgoing DNS requests through . This option is a counterpart to --interface (which does\n" " not affect DNS). The supplied string must be an interface name\n" " (not an address).\n" "\n" , stdout); fputs( " See also --dns-ipv4-addr and --dns-ipv6-addr. --dns-interface\n" " requires that the underlying libcurl was built to support c-\n" " ares. Added in 7.33.0.\n" "\n" " --dns-ipv4-addr
\n" " (DNS) Tell curl to bind to when making IPv4 DNS\n" " requests, so that the DNS requests originate from this address.\n" " The argument should be a single IPv4 address.\n" "\n" , stdout); fputs( " See also --dns-interface and --dns-ipv6-addr. --dns-ipv4-addr\n" " requires that the underlying libcurl was built to support c-\n" " ares. Added in 7.33.0.\n" "\n" " --dns-ipv6-addr
\n" " (DNS) Tell curl to bind to when making IPv6 DNS\n" " requests, so that the DNS requests originate from this address.\n" " The argument should be a single IPv6 address.\n" "\n" , stdout); fputs( " See also --dns-interface and --dns-ipv4-addr. --dns-ipv6-addr\n" " requires that the underlying libcurl was built to support c-\n" " ares. Added in 7.33.0.\n" "\n" " --dns-servers \n" " Set the list of DNS servers to be used instead of the system\n" " default. The list of IP addresses should be separated with com-\n" " mas. Port numbers may also optionally be given as :\n" , stdout); fputs( " after each IP address.\n" "\n" " --dns-servers requires that the underlying libcurl was built to\n" " support c-ares. Added in 7.33.0.\n" "\n" " -D, --dump-header \n" " (HTTP FTP) Write the received protocol headers to the specified\n" " file.\n" "\n" " This option is handy to use when you want to store the headers\n" " that an HTTP site sends to you. Cookies from the headers could\n" , stdout); fputs( " then be read in a second curl invocation by using the -b,\n" " --cookie option! The -c, --cookie-jar option is a better way to\n" " store cookies.\n" "\n" " When used in FTP, the FTP server response lines are considered\n" " being \"headers\" and thus are saved there.\n" "\n" " If this option is used several times, the last one will be used.\n" "\n" " See also -o, --output.\n" "\n" " --egd-file \n" , stdout); fputs( " (TLS) Specify the path name to the Entropy Gathering Daemon\n" " socket. The socket is used to seed the random engine for SSL\n" " connections.\n" "\n" " See also --random-file.\n" "\n" " --engine \n" " (TLS) Select the OpenSSL crypto engine to use for cipher opera-\n" " tions. Use --engine list to print a list of build-time supported\n" " engines. Note that not all (or none) of the engines may be\n" , stdout); fputs( " available at run-time.\n" "\n" " --expect100-timeout \n" " (HTTP) Maximum time in seconds that you allow curl to wait for a\n" " 100-continue response when curl emits an Expects: 100-continue\n" " header in its request. By default curl will wait one second.\n" " This option accepts decimal values! When curl stops waiting, it\n" " will continue as if the response has been received.\n" "\n" , stdout); fputs( " See also --connect-timeout. Added in 7.47.0.\n" "\n" " --fail-early\n" " Fail and exit on the first detected transfer error.\n" "\n" " When curl is used to do multiple transfers on the command line,\n" " it will attempt to operate on each given URL, one by one. By\n" " default, it will ignore errors if there are more URLs given and\n" " the last URL's success will determine the error code curl\n" , stdout); fputs( " returns. So early failures will be \"hidden\" by subsequent suc-\n" " cessful transfers.\n" "\n" " Using this option, curl will instead return an error on the\n" " first transfer that fails, independent of the amount of URLs\n" " that are given on the command line. This way, no transfer fail-\n" " ures go undetected by scripts and similar.\n" "\n" " This option is global and does not need to be specified for each\n" , stdout); fputs( " use of -:, --next.\n" "\n" " This option does not imply -f, --fail, which causes transfers to\n" " fail due to the server's HTTP status code. You can combine the\n" " two options, however note -f, --fail is not global and is there-\n" " fore contained by -:, --next.\n" "\n" " Added in 7.52.0.\n" "\n" " -f, --fail\n" " (HTTP) Fail silently (no output at all) on server errors. This\n" , stdout); fputs( " is mostly done to better enable scripts etc to better deal with\n" " failed attempts. In normal cases when an HTTP server fails to\n" " deliver a document, it returns an HTML document stating so\n" " (which often also describes why and more). This flag will pre-\n" " vent curl from outputting that and return error 22.\n" "\n" " This method is not fail-safe and there are occasions where non-\n" , stdout); fputs( " successful response codes will slip through, especially when\n" " authentication is involved (response codes 401 and 407).\n" "\n" " --false-start\n" " (TLS) Tells curl to use false start during the TLS handshake.\n" " False start is a mode where a TLS client will start sending\n" " application data before verifying the server's Finished message,\n" " thus saving a round trip when performing a full handshake.\n" "\n" , stdout); fputs( " This is currently only implemented in the NSS and Secure Trans-\n" " port (on iOS 7.0 or later, or OS X 10.9 or later) backends.\n" "\n" " Added in 7.42.0.\n" "\n" " --form-string \n" " (HTTP SMTP IMAP) Similar to -F, --form except that the value\n" " string for the named parameter is used literally. Leading '@'\n" " and '<' characters, and the ';type=' string in the value have no\n" , stdout); fputs( " special meaning. Use this in preference to -F, --form if there's\n" " any possibility that the string value may accidentally trigger\n" " the '@' or '<' features of -F, --form.\n" "\n" " See also -F, --form.\n" "\n" " -F, --form \n" " (HTTP SMTP IMAP) For HTTP protocol family, this lets curl emu-\n" " late a filled-in form in which a user has pressed the submit\n" , stdout); fputs( " button. This causes curl to POST data using the Content-Type\n" " multipart/form-data according to RFC 2388.\n" "\n" " For SMTP and IMAP protocols, this is the mean to compose a mul-\n" " tipart mail message to transmit.\n" "\n" " This enables uploading of binary files etc. To force the 'con-\n" " tent' part to be a file, prefix the file name with an @ sign. To\n" , stdout); fputs( " just get the content part from a file, prefix the file name with\n" " the symbol <. The difference between @ and < is then that @\n" " makes a file get attached in the post as a file upload, while\n" " the < makes a text field and just get the contents for that text\n" " field from a file.\n" "\n" " Example: to send an image to an HTTP server, where 'profile' is\n" , stdout); fputs( " the name of the form-field to which portrait.jpg will be the\n" " input:\n" "\n" " curl -F profile=@portrait.jpg https://example.com/upload.cgi\n" "\n" " To read content from stdin instead of a file, use - as the file-\n" " name. This goes for both @ and < constructs. If stdin is not\n" " attached to a regular file, it is buffered first to determine\n" " its size and allow a possible resend. Defining a part's data\n" , stdout); fputs( " from a named non-regular file (such as a named pipe or similar)\n" " is unfortunately not subject to buffering and will be effec-\n" " tively read at transmission time; since the full size is unknown\n" " before the transfer starts, data is sent as chunks by HTTP and\n" " rejected by IMAP.\n" "\n" " You can also tell curl what Content-Type to use by using\n" " 'type=', in a manner similar to:\n" "\n" , stdout); fputs( " curl -F \"web=@index.html;type=text/html\" example.com\n" "\n" " or\n" "\n" " curl -F \"name=daniel;type=text/foo\" example.com\n" "\n" " You can also explicitly change the name field of a file upload\n" " part by setting filename=, like this:\n" "\n" " curl -F \"file=@localfile;filename=nameinpost\" example.com\n" "\n" " If filename/path contains ',' or ';', it must be quoted by dou-\n" " ble-quotes like:\n" "\n" , stdout); fputs( " curl -F \"file=@\\\"localfile\\\";filename=\\\"nameinpost\\\"\" exam-\n" " ple.com\n" "\n" " or\n" "\n" " curl -F 'file=@\"localfile\";filename=\"nameinpost\"' example.com\n" "\n" " Note that if a filename/path is quoted by double-quotes, any\n" " double-quote or backslash within the filename must be escaped by\n" " backslash.\n" "\n" " Quoting must also be applied to non-file data if it contains\n" , stdout); fputs( " semicolons, leading/trailing spaces or leading double quotes:\n" "\n" " curl -F 'colors=\"red; green; blue\";type=text/x-myapp' exam-\n" " ple.com\n" "\n" " You can add custom headers to the field by setting headers=,\n" " like\n" "\n" " curl -F \"submit=OK;headers=\\\"X-submit-type: OK\\\"\" example.com\n" "\n" " or\n" "\n" " curl -F \"submit=OK;headers=@headerfile\" example.com\n" "\n" , stdout); fputs( " The headers= keyword may appear more that once and above notes\n" " about quoting apply. When headers are read from a file, Empty\n" " lines and lines starting with '#' are comments and ignored; each\n" " header can be folded by splitting between two words and starting\n" " the continuation line with a space; embedded carriage-returns\n" " and trailing spaces are stripped. Here is an example of a\n" , stdout); fputs( " header file contents:\n" "\n" " # This file contain two headers.\n" " X-header-1: this is a header\n" "\n" " # The following header is folded.\n" " X-header-2: this is\n" " another header\n" "\n" " To support sending multipart mail messages, the syntax is\n" " extended as follows:\n" " - name can be omitted: the equal sign is the first character of\n" " the argument,\n" , stdout); fputs( " - if data starts with '(', this signals to start a new multi-\n" " part: it can be followed by a content type specification.\n" " - a multipart can be terminated with a '=)' argument.\n" "\n" " Example: the following command sends an SMTP mime e-mail con-\n" " sisting in an inline part in two alternative formats: plain text\n" " and HTML. It attaches a text file:\n" "\n" " curl -F '=(;type=multipart/alternative' \\\n" , stdout); fputs( " -F '=plain text message' \\\n" " -F '= HTML message;type=text/html' \\\n" " -F '=)' -F '=@textfile.txt' ... smtp://example.com\n" "\n" " Data can be encoded for transfer using encoder=. Available\n" " encodings are binary and 8bit that do nothing else than adding\n" " the corresponding Content-Transfer-Encoding header, 7bit that\n" , stdout); fputs( " only rejects 8-bit characters with a transfer error, quoted-\n" " printable and base64 that encodes data according to the corre-\n" " sponding schemes, limiting lines length to 76 characters.\n" "\n" " Example: send multipart mail with a quoted-printable text mes-\n" " sage and a base64 attached file:\n" "\n" " curl -F '=text message;encoder=quoted-printable' \\\n" " -F '=@localfile;encoder=base64' ... smtp://example.com\n" "\n" , stdout); fputs( " See further examples and details in the MANUAL.\n" "\n" " This option can be used multiple times.\n" "\n" " This option overrides -d, --data and -I, --head and --upload.\n" "\n" " --ftp-account \n" " (FTP) When an FTP server asks for \"account data\" after user name\n" " and password has been provided, this data is sent off using the\n" " ACCT command.\n" "\n" " If this option is used several times, the last one will be used.\n" "\n" , stdout); fputs( " Added in 7.13.0.\n" "\n" " --ftp-alternative-to-user \n" " (FTP) If authenticating with the USER and PASS commands fails,\n" " send this command. When connecting to Tumbleweed's Secure\n" " Transport server over FTPS using a client certificate, using\n" " \"SITE AUTH\" will tell the server to retrieve the username from\n" " the certificate.\n" " Added in 7.15.5.\n" "\n" " --ftp-create-dirs\n" , stdout); fputs( " (FTP SFTP) When an FTP or SFTP URL/operation uses a path that\n" " doesn't currently exist on the server, the standard behavior of\n" " curl is to fail. Using this option, curl will instead attempt to\n" " create missing directories.\n" "\n" " See also --create-dirs.\n" "\n" " --ftp-method \n" " (FTP) Control what method curl should use to reach a file on an\n" , stdout); fputs( " FTP(S) server. The method argument should be one of the follow-\n" " ing alternatives:\n" "\n" " multicwd\n" " curl does a single CWD operation for each path part in\n" " the given URL. For deep hierarchies this means very many\n" " commands. This is how RFC 1738 says it should be done.\n" " This is the default but the slowest behavior.\n" "\n" , stdout); fputs( " nocwd curl does no CWD at all. curl will do SIZE, RETR, STOR\n" " etc and give a full path to the server for all these com-\n" " mands. This is the fastest behavior.\n" "\n" " singlecwd\n" " curl does one CWD with the full target directory and then\n" " operates on the file \"normally\" (like in the multicwd\n" " case). This is somewhat more standards compliant than\n" , stdout); fputs( " 'nocwd' but without the full penalty of 'multicwd'.\n" "\n" " Added in 7.15.1.\n" "\n" " --ftp-pasv\n" " (FTP) Use passive mode for the data connection. Passive is the\n" " internal default behavior, but using this option can be used to\n" " override a previous -P, --ftp-port option.\n" "\n" " If this option is used several times, only the first one is\n" " used. Undoing an enforced passive really isn't doable but you\n" , stdout); fputs( " must then instead enforce the correct -P, --ftp-port again.\n" "\n" " Passive mode means that curl will try the EPSV command first and\n" " then PASV, unless --disable-epsv is used.\n" " See also --disable-epsv. Added in 7.11.0.\n" "\n" " -P, --ftp-port
\n" " (FTP) Reverses the default initiator/listener roles when con-\n" " necting with FTP. This option makes curl use active mode. curl\n" , stdout); fputs( " then tells the server to connect back to the client's specified\n" " address and port, while passive mode asks the server to setup an\n" " IP address and port for it to connect to.
should be\n" " one of:\n" "\n" " interface\n" " i.e \"eth0\" to specify which interface's IP address you\n" " want to use (Unix only)\n" "\n" " IP address\n" , stdout); fputs( " i.e \"192.168.10.1\" to specify the exact IP address\n" "\n" " host name\n" " i.e \"my.host.domain\" to specify the machine\n" "\n" " - make curl pick the same IP address that is already used\n" " for the control connection\n" "\n" " If this option is used several times, the last one will be used. Dis-\n" " able the use of PORT with --ftp-pasv. Disable the attempt to use the\n" , stdout); fputs( " EPRT command instead of PORT by using --disable-eprt. EPRT is really\n" " PORT++.\n" "\n" " Since 7.19.5, you can append \":[start]-[end]\" to the right of the\n" " address, to tell curl what TCP port range to use. That means you spec-\n" " ify a port range, from a lower to a higher number. A single number\n" " works as well, but do note that it increases the risk of failure since\n" " the port may not be available.\n" "\n" " See also --ftp-pasv and --disable-eprt.\n" "\n" , stdout); fputs( " --ftp-pret\n" " (FTP) Tell curl to send a PRET command before PASV (and EPSV).\n" " Certain FTP servers, mainly drftpd, require this non-standard\n" " command for directory listings as well as up and downloads in\n" " PASV mode.\n" "\n" " Added in 7.20.0.\n" "\n" " --ftp-skip-pasv-ip\n" " (FTP) Tell curl to not use the IP address the server suggests in\n" " its response to curl's PASV command when curl connects the data\n" , stdout); fputs( " connection. Instead curl will re-use the same IP address it\n" " already uses for the control connection.\n" "\n" " This option has no effect if PORT, EPRT or EPSV is used instead\n" " of PASV.\n" "\n" " See also --ftp-pasv. Added in 7.14.2.\n" "\n" " --ftp-ssl-ccc-mode \n" " (FTP) Sets the CCC mode. The passive mode will not initiate the\n" " shutdown, but instead wait for the server to do it, and will not\n" , stdout); fputs( " reply to the shutdown from the server. The active mode initiates\n" " the shutdown and waits for a reply from the server.\n" "\n" " See also --ftp-ssl-ccc. Added in 7.16.2.\n" "\n" " --ftp-ssl-ccc\n" " (FTP) Use CCC (Clear Command Channel) Shuts down the SSL/TLS\n" " layer after authenticating. The rest of the control channel com-\n" " munication will be unencrypted. This allows NAT routers to fol-\n" , stdout); fputs( " low the FTP transaction. The default mode is passive.\n" "\n" " See also --ssl and --ftp-ssl-ccc-mode. Added in 7.16.1.\n" "\n" " --ftp-ssl-control\n" " (FTP) Require SSL/TLS for the FTP login, clear for transfer.\n" " Allows secure authentication, but non-encrypted data transfers\n" " for efficiency. Fails the transfer if the server doesn't sup-\n" " port SSL/TLS.\n" "\n" " Added in 7.16.0.\n" "\n" " -G, --get\n" , stdout); fputs( " When used, this option will make all data specified with -d,\n" " --data, --data-binary or --data-urlencode to be used in an HTTP\n" " GET request instead of the POST request that otherwise would be\n" " used. The data will be appended to the URL with a '?' separator.\n" " If used in combination with -I, --head, the POST data will\n" " instead be appended to the URL with a HEAD request.\n" "\n" , stdout); fputs( " If this option is used several times, only the first one is\n" " used. This is because undoing a GET doesn't make sense, but you\n" " should then instead enforce the alternative method you prefer.\n" "\n" " -g, --globoff\n" " This option switches off the \"URL globbing parser\". When you set\n" " this option, you can specify URLs that contain the letters {}[]\n" " without having them being interpreted by curl itself. Note that\n" , stdout); fputs( " these letters are not normal legal URL contents but they should\n" " be encoded according to the URI standard.\n" "\n" " -I, --head\n" " (HTTP FTP FILE) Fetch the headers only! HTTP-servers feature the\n" " command HEAD which this uses to get nothing but the header of a\n" " document. When used on an FTP or FILE file, curl displays the\n" " file size and last modification time only.\n" "\n" " -H, --header
\n" , stdout); fputs( " (HTTP) Extra header to include in the request when sending HTTP\n" " to a server. You may specify any number of extra headers. Note\n" " that if you should add a custom header that has the same name as\n" " one of the internal ones curl would use, your externally set\n" " header will be used instead of the internal one. This allows you\n" " to make even trickier stuff than curl would normally do. You\n" , stdout); fputs( " should not replace internally set headers without knowing per-\n" " fectly well what you're doing. Remove an internal header by giv-\n" " ing a replacement without content on the right side of the\n" " colon, as in: -H \"Host:\". If you send the custom header with no-\n" " value then its header must be terminated with a semicolon, such\n" " as -H \"X-Custom-Header;\" to send \"X-Custom-Header:\".\n" "\n" , stdout); fputs( " curl will make sure that each header you add/replace is sent\n" " with the proper end-of-line marker, you should thus not add that\n" " as a part of the header content: do not add newlines or carriage\n" " returns, they will only mess things up for you.\n" "\n" " Starting in 7.55.0, this option can take an argument in @file-\n" " name style, which then adds a header for each line in the input\n" , stdout); fputs( " file. Using @- will make curl read the header file from stdin.\n" "\n" " See also the -A, --user-agent and -e, --referer options.\n" "\n" " Starting in 7.37.0, you need --proxy-header to send custom head-\n" " ers intended for a proxy.\n" "\n" " Example:\n" "\n" " curl -H \"X-First-Name: Joe\" http://example.com/\n" "\n" " WARNING: headers set with this option will be set in all\n" , stdout); fputs( " requests - even after redirects are followed, like when told\n" " with -L, --location. This can lead to the header being sent to\n" " other hosts than the original host, so sensitive headers should\n" " be used with caution combined with following redirects.\n" "\n" " This option can be used multiple times to add/replace/remove\n" " multiple headers.\n" "\n" " -h, --help\n" , stdout); fputs( " Usage help. This lists all current command line options with a\n" " short description.\n" " --hostpubmd5 \n" " (SFTP SCP) Pass a string containing 32 hexadecimal digits. The\n" " string should be the 128 bit MD5 checksum of the remote host's\n" " public key, curl will refuse the connection with the host unless\n" " the md5sums match.\n" "\n" " Added in 7.17.1.\n" "\n" " -0, --http1.0\n" , stdout); fputs( " (HTTP) Tells curl to use HTTP version 1.0 instead of using its\n" " internally preferred HTTP version.\n" "\n" " This option overrides --http1.1 and --http2.\n" "\n" " --http1.1\n" " (HTTP) Tells curl to use HTTP version 1.1.\n" "\n" " This option overrides -0, --http1.0 and --http2. Added in\n" " 7.33.0.\n" "\n" " --http2-prior-knowledge\n" " (HTTP) Tells curl to issue its non-TLS HTTP requests using\n" , stdout); fputs( " HTTP/2 without HTTP/1.1 Upgrade. It requires prior knowledge\n" " that the server supports HTTP/2 straight away. HTTPS requests\n" " will still do HTTP/2 the standard way with negotiated protocol\n" " version in the TLS handshake.\n" "\n" " --http2-prior-knowledge requires that the underlying libcurl was\n" " built to support HTTP/2. This option overrides --http1.1 and -0,\n" " --http1.0 and --http2. Added in 7.49.0.\n" "\n" , stdout); fputs( " --http2\n" " (HTTP) Tells curl to use HTTP version 2.\n" "\n" " See also --no-alpn. --http2 requires that the underlying libcurl\n" " was built to support HTTP/2. This option overrides --http1.1 and\n" " -0, --http1.0 and --http2-prior-knowledge. Added in 7.33.0.\n" "\n" " --ignore-content-length\n" " (FTP HTTP) For HTTP, Ignore the Content-Length header. This is\n" " particularly useful for servers running Apache 1.x, which will\n" , stdout); fputs( " report incorrect Content-Length for files larger than 2 giga-\n" " bytes.\n" "\n" " For FTP (since 7.46.0), skip the RETR command to figure out the\n" " size before downloading a file.\n" "\n" " -i, --include\n" " Include the HTTP response headers in the output. The HTTP\n" " response headers can include things like server name, cookies,\n" " date of the document, HTTP version and more...\n" "\n" , stdout); fputs( " To view the request headers, consider the -v, --verbose option.\n" "\n" " See also -v, --verbose.\n" "\n" " -k, --insecure\n" " (TLS) By default, every SSL connection curl makes is verified to\n" " be secure. This option allows curl to proceed and operate even\n" " for server connections otherwise considered insecure.\n" "\n" " The server connection is verified by making sure the server's\n" , stdout); fputs( " certificate contains the right name and verifies successfully\n" " using the cert store.\n" "\n" " See this online resource for further details:\n" " https://curl.haxx.se/docs/sslcerts.html\n" " See also --proxy-insecure and --cacert.\n" "\n" " --interface \n" "\n" " Perform an operation using a specified interface. You can enter\n" " interface name, IP address or host name. An example could look\n" " like:\n" "\n" , stdout); fputs( " curl --interface eth0:1 https://www.example.com/\n" "\n" " If this option is used several times, the last one will be used.\n" " On Linux it can be used to specify a VRF, but the binary needs\n" " to either have CAP_NET_RAW or to be ran as root. More informa-\n" " tion about Linux VRF: https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documenta-\n" " tion/networking/vrf.txt\n" "\n" " See also --dns-interface.\n" "\n" " -4, --ipv4\n" , stdout); fputs( " This option tells curl to resolve names to IPv4 addresses only,\n" " and not for example try IPv6.\n" "\n" " See also --http1.1 and --http2. This option overrides -6,\n" " --ipv6.\n" "\n" " -6, --ipv6\n" " This option tells curl to resolve names to IPv6 addresses only,\n" " and not for example try IPv4.\n" "\n" " See also --http1.1 and --http2. This option overrides -6,\n" " --ipv6.\n" "\n" , stdout); fputs( " -j, --junk-session-cookies\n" " (HTTP) When curl is told to read cookies from a given file, this\n" " option will make it discard all \"session cookies\". This will\n" " basically have the same effect as if a new session is started.\n" " Typical browsers always discard session cookies when they're\n" " closed down.\n" "\n" " See also -b, --cookie and -c, --cookie-jar.\n" "\n" " --keepalive-time \n" , stdout); fputs( " This option sets the time a connection needs to remain idle\n" " before sending keepalive probes and the time between individual\n" " keepalive probes. It is currently effective on operating systems\n" " offering the TCP_KEEPIDLE and TCP_KEEPINTVL socket options\n" " (meaning Linux, recent AIX, HP-UX and more). This option has no\n" " effect if --no-keepalive is used.\n" "\n" , stdout); fputs( " If this option is used several times, the last one will be used.\n" " If unspecified, the option defaults to 60 seconds.\n" "\n" " Added in 7.18.0.\n" "\n" " --key-type \n" " (TLS) Private key file type. Specify which type your --key pro-\n" " vided private key is. DER, PEM, and ENG are supported. If not\n" " specified, PEM is assumed.\n" "\n" " If this option is used several times, the last one will be used.\n" "\n" , stdout); fputs( " --key \n" " (TLS SSH) Private key file name. Allows you to provide your pri-\n" " vate key in this separate file. For SSH, if not specified, curl\n" " tries the following candidates in order:\n" "\n" " If this option is used several times, the last one will be used.\n" "\n" " --krb \n" " (FTP) Enable Kerberos authentication and use. The level must be\n" " entered and should be one of 'clear', 'safe', 'confidential', or\n" , stdout); fputs( " 'private'. Should you use a level that is not one of these,\n" " 'private' will instead be used.\n" "\n" " If this option is used several times, the last one will be used.\n" " --krb requires that the underlying libcurl was built to support\n" " Kerberos.\n" "\n" " --libcurl \n" " Append this option to any ordinary curl command line, and you\n" " will get a libcurl-using C source code written to the file that\n" , stdout); fputs( " does the equivalent of what your command-line operation does!\n" "\n" " If this option is used several times, the last given file name\n" " will be used.\n" "\n" " Added in 7.16.1.\n" "\n" " --limit-rate \n" " Specify the maximum transfer rate you want curl to use - for\n" " both downloads and uploads. This feature is useful if you have a\n" " limited pipe and you'd like your transfer not to use your entire\n" , stdout); fputs( " bandwidth. To make it slower than it otherwise would be.\n" "\n" " The given speed is measured in bytes/second, unless a suffix is\n" " appended. Appending 'k' or 'K' will count the number as kilo-\n" " bytes, 'm' or M' makes it megabytes, while 'g' or 'G' makes it\n" " gigabytes. Examples: 200K, 3m and 1G.\n" "\n" " If you also use the -Y, --speed-limit option, that option will\n" , stdout); fputs( " take precedence and might cripple the rate-limiting slightly, to\n" " help keeping the speed-limit logic working.\n" "\n" " If this option is used several times, the last one will be used.\n" "\n" " -l, --list-only\n" " (FTP POP3) (FTP) When listing an FTP directory, this switch\n" " forces a name-only view. This is especially useful if the user\n" " wants to machine-parse the contents of an FTP directory since\n" , stdout); fputs( " the normal directory view doesn't use a standard look or format.\n" " When used like this, the option causes a NLST command to be sent\n" " to the server instead of LIST.\n" "\n" " Note: Some FTP servers list only files in their response to\n" " NLST; they do not include sub-directories and symbolic links.\n" "\n" " (POP3) When retrieving a specific email from POP3, this switch\n" , stdout); fputs( " forces a LIST command to be performed instead of RETR. This is\n" " particularly useful if the user wants to see if a specific mes-\n" " sage id exists on the server and what size it is.\n" "\n" " Note: When combined with -X, --request, this option can be used\n" " to send an UIDL command instead, so the user may use the email's\n" " unique identifier rather than it's message id to make the\n" " request.\n" "\n" , stdout); fputs( " Added in 7.21.5.\n" "\n" " --local-port \n" " Set a preferred single number or range (FROM-TO) of local port\n" " numbers to use for the connection(s). Note that port numbers by\n" " nature are a scarce resource that will be busy at times so set-\n" " ting this range to something too narrow might cause unnecessary\n" " connection setup failures.\n" "\n" " Added in 7.15.2.\n" "\n" " --location-trusted\n" , stdout); fputs( " (HTTP) Like -L, --location, but will allow sending the name +\n" " password to all hosts that the site may redirect to. This may or\n" " may not introduce a security breach if the site redirects you to\n" " a site to which you'll send your authentication info (which is\n" " plaintext in the case of HTTP Basic authentication).\n" "\n" " See also -u, --user.\n" "\n" " -L, --location\n" , stdout); fputs( " (HTTP) If the server reports that the requested page has moved\n" " to a different location (indicated with a Location: header and a\n" " 3XX response code), this option will make curl redo the request\n" " on the new place. If used together with -i, --include or -I,\n" " --head, headers from all requested pages will be shown. When\n" " authentication is used, curl only sends its credentials to the\n" , stdout); fputs( " initial host. If a redirect takes curl to a different host, it\n" " won't be able to intercept the user+password. See also --loca-\n" " tion-trusted on how to change this. You can limit the amount of\n" " redirects to follow by using the --max-redirs option.\n" "\n" " When curl follows a redirect and the request is not a plain GET\n" " (for example POST or PUT), it will do the following request with\n" , stdout); fputs( " a GET if the HTTP response was 301, 302, or 303. If the response\n" " code was any other 3xx code, curl will re-send the following\n" " request using the same unmodified method.\n" "\n" " You can tell curl to not change the non-GET request method to\n" " GET after a 30x response by using the dedicated options for\n" " that: --post301, --post302 and --post303.\n" "\n" " --login-options \n" , stdout); fputs( " (IMAP POP3 SMTP) Specify the login options to use during server\n" " authentication.\n" "\n" " You can use the login options to specify protocol specific\n" " options that may be used during authentication. At present only\n" " IMAP, POP3 and SMTP support login options. For more information\n" " about the login options please see RFC 2384, RFC 5092 and IETF\n" " draft draft-earhart-url-smtp-00.txt\n" "\n" , stdout); fputs( " If this option is used several times, the last one will be used.\n" "\n" " Added in 7.34.0.\n" "\n" " --mail-auth
\n" " (SMTP) Specify a single address. This will be used to specify\n" " the authentication address (identity) of a submitted message\n" " that is being relayed to another server.\n" "\n" " See also --mail-rcpt and --mail-from. Added in 7.25.0.\n" "\n" " --mail-from
\n" , stdout); fputs( " (SMTP) Specify a single address that the given mail should get\n" " sent from.\n" "\n" " See also --mail-rcpt and --mail-auth. Added in 7.20.0.\n" "\n" " --mail-rcpt
\n" " (SMTP) Specify a single address, user name or mailing list name.\n" " Repeat this option several times to send to multiple recipients.\n" " When performing a mail transfer, the recipient should specify a\n" " valid email address to send the mail to.\n" "\n" , stdout); fputs( " When performing an address verification (VRFY command), the\n" " recipient should be specified as the user name or user name and\n" " domain (as per Section 3.5 of RFC5321). (Added in 7.34.0)\n" "\n" " When performing a mailing list expand (EXPN command), the recip-\n" " ient should be specified using the mailing list name, such as\n" " \"Friends\" or \"London-Office\". (Added in 7.34.0)\n" "\n" " Added in 7.20.0.\n" "\n" , stdout); fputs( " -M, --manual\n" " Manual. Display the huge help text.\n" "\n" " --max-filesize \n" " Specify the maximum size (in bytes) of a file to download. If\n" " the file requested is larger than this value, the transfer will\n" " not start and curl will return with exit code 63.\n" "\n" " NOTE: The file size is not always known prior to download, and\n" " for such files this option has no effect even if the file trans-\n" , stdout); fputs( " fer ends up being larger than this given limit. This concerns\n" " both FTP and HTTP transfers.\n" "\n" " See also --limit-rate.\n" "\n" " --max-redirs \n" " (HTTP) Set maximum number of redirection-followings allowed.\n" " When -L, --location is used, is used to prevent curl from fol-\n" " lowing redirections \"in absurdum\". By default, the limit is set\n" , stdout); fputs( " to 50 redirections. Set this option to -1 to make it unlimited.\n" "\n" " If this option is used several times, the last one will be used.\n" "\n" " -m, --max-time